16 Soal Reading SMA kelas 12 dan Pembahasannya

 Asssalamualaikum warrahmatullahiwabarrakatuh

Questions 1-10 refer to the following passage.

       Awarded the Nobel prize for physics in 1918, German physics Max Planck is best remembered
as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped user in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic processes.

       Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of
twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantum. The energy associated with each quantum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck’s constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constant of the world.

       Planck announced his finding in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, and other
fields. In 1930, He was elected president of the Kaiser Wilhelm society, which was renamed the
Max II. Though deeply opposed to the fascist regime of Adolf Hitler, Planck remained in Germany throughout the war. He died in Gottingen on October 4, 1947. 

1. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant contribution?
    A. Optics
    B. Biology
    C. Thermodynamics
    D. Statistical mechanics
 
2. The word “revolutionary” as used in line 13, means…
    A. Momentous
    B. Dangerous
    C. Extremist
    D. Militarist

3. It can inferred from the passage that Planck’s work led to the development of which of the
    following?
    A. The rocket
    B. The computer
    C. The atomic bomb
    D. The internal combustion engine

4. The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as…
    A. Quantum
    B. Valences
    C. Electrons
    D. Atoms

5. The word “universal”, as used in line 10 most nearly means…
    A. Cosmic
    B. Planetary
    C. Worldwide
    D. Always present

6. The implication in this passage is that…
    A. Radiation was hard to study
    B. Planck’s constant was not discernible before 1900
    C. Only a German physics could discover such a theory
    D. Quantum theory, which led to the development of twentieth century physics, is basically a
         mathematical formula

7. “An idea” as used in line 4, refers to…
    A. Quantum
    B. Model of matter
    C. Emission of electromagnetic radiation
    D. The equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to
         high frequencies

8. The word “emission” as used in line 8 means…
    A. Giving off
    B. Taking back
    C. Holding on to
    D. Throwing away

9. Planck’s constant, expressed in a mathematical formula, is…
    A. e = v/h
    B. E = h/v
    C. e = h-v
    D. E = hv

10. What is known as Planck’s constant?
      A. v
      B. h
      C. e
      D. E

For questions number 11-9

       Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.

       Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In the past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in 1970. The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical compounds.

11. The main point of this passage is that ....
      A. although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home products
      B. carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds
      C. carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
      D. the government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970

12. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by ....
      A. extensively
      B. largely
      C. grandly
      D. hugely

13. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was ....
      A. banned in industrial use
      B. used by itself as a cleanser
      C. not allowed in home cleaning products
      D. often used as a component of cleaning products

14. It is stated in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes ....
      A. a cleaning compound
      B. inflammable
      C. colorless
      D. harmful

15. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ....
      A. the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. government
      B. further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
      C. the major characteristic of carbon tetrachloride
      D. additional uses of carbon tetrachloride

16. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to ....
      A. instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
      B. prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
      C. ban the use of any chemicals
      D. regulate product safety




Jawaban dan Pembahasan

1. B
    Paragraf terakhir menyatakan empat bidang yang dikontribusikan oleh Planck. Biologi tidak
    disebut sebagai salah satu kontribusi ini.

2. A
    Dalam hal ini “revolutionary” memiliki arti yang hampir sama dengan “momentous”, karena
    penemuan Planck bersifat positif. Sedangkan pilihan lain memiliki konotasi negatif

3. C
    Paragraf pertama menyatakan bahwa temuan Planck “revolutionized the scientific community’s
    understanding of atomic and sub-atomic processes.” Maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa hasil karyanya 
    memberi jalan ditemukannya bom atom. Penemuan-penemuan lainnya seperti yang tersebut dalam 
    pilihan jawaban A, B, dan D bukan akibat langsung dari penemuan Planck.

4. A
    Bacaan diatas secara langsung menyatakan bahwa the particles of electromagnetic radiation given
    off by matter dinamakan quantums.

5. D
    Di dalam konteks teori Planck, arti dari “universal” adalah “always present” pilihan jawaban lain
    adalah berkaitan dengan istilah geografi atau astronomi yang sama sekali tidak sesuai.

6. D
    Quantum theory pada dasarnya adalah rumus matematika seperti dinyatakan dalam kalimat,
    “Thus energy, or E, equal hv.”

7. D
    “Idea” merujuk pada “equation” seperti ada dalam pilihan (d). Walupun pilihan-pilihan jawaban
    lain disebutkan di dalam bacaan, tetapi mereka tidak mendefinisikan tentang “idea”.

8. A
    “Giving off” adalah gerakan yang digambarkan di dalam frasa, “required the emission of
    electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles.”

9. D
     “E = hv” dinyatakan dalam bentuk kata-kata, “Thus energy, or E, equals hv”

10. B
      “h” adalah jawaban yang benar seperti terlihat di dalam kalimat, “The constant, h, is known as
      Planck’s constant.”

Demikianlah soal-soal Reading kelas 12 kali ini semoga bisa membantu adik-adik semua sebagai persiapan ujian mendatang. Good luck ...

 Wasssalamualaikum warrahmatullahiwabarrakatuh.